The Nazis established a network of camps in which they imprisoned people they considered enemies, such as Jews and those with political views which the Nazis deemed inimical. There were concentration camps, internment camps, labour camps and transit camps, many of which were divided into numerous sub-camps.

Newly arrived prisoners at roll call in Buchenwald camp, Germany, c.1939-41. Prisoners would be made to stand for hours on end as a form of torture.